Section 7: Home Environments

This section presents statistics on the home environment for people with and without disabilities in the United States. The home environment includes factors such as housing quality, age of home (i.e., year built), and housing type (i.e., house, apartment, mobile home, etc.) More specifically, the housing quality features presented here include: lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing, overcrowding (two or more people living in home per bedroom), and cost burden (thirty percent or more of household income spent on housing costs). The age of home statistic indicates houses built in 1990 or after (the year the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was signed into law). Statistics for people with disabilities (disability status or disability type) are based on having responded ‘yes’ to a series of questions within the American Community Survey (go to the glossary for more details).

The poor housing environment measure presented in this section identifies people who are experiencing two or more of the four possible difficulties related to housing quality descibed above. This measure is component of the Census Bureau’s multidimensional deprivation index, which gauges poverty. It includes people who may be facing difficulties or hardships and who may not be currently income-poor. The housing quality element of deprivation captures people experiencing difficulties with physical space and security within their own home. Our estimates are based on reports on multidimensional deprivation published by researchers at the Census Bureau, including:

Glassman, Brian, ‘Multidimensional Deprivation in the United States: 2017,’ American Community Survey Reports, ACS-40, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, 2019. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2019/demo/acs-40.pdf

Tables

Table 7.1: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen was Alaska/AK, with 8%. In the United States, there was a total of 223,000 civilians with disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen, representing 1% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen was 0.5%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 2.048 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.2: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing was Alaska/AK, with 8%. In the United States, there was a total of 143,000 civilians with disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing, representing 0.7% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing was 0.3%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 2.056 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.3: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in an overcrowded home environment was Hawaii/HI, with 11%. In the United States, there was a total of 927,000 civilians with disabilities in an overcrowded home environment, representing 4.4% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in an overcrowded home environment was 5.1%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.862 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.4: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities experiencing housing cost burden was the District of Columbia/DC, with 39.7%. In the United States, there was a total of 5,979,000 civilians with disabilities experiencing housing cost burden, representing 29.3% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities experiencing housing cost burden was 19%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.545 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.5: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities experiencing poor housing quality was Alaska/AK, with 9%. In the United States, there was a total of 406,000 civilians with disabilities experiencing poor housing quality, representing 2% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities experiencing poor housing quality was 1.7%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.146 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.6: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later was Nevada/NV, with 55.4%. In the United States, there was a total of 7,384,000 civilians with disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later, representing 34.7% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a home built in 1990 or later was 41.1%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.846 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.7: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes) was Puerto Rico/PR, with 81.8%. In the United States, there was a total of 13,848,000 civilians with disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes), representing 65.1% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a house (not apartments or mobile homes) was 73%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 0.892 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.8: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes) was the District of Columbia/DC, with 67.7%. In the United States, there was a total of 5,536,000 civilians with disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes), representing 26% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in an apartment (not houses or mobile homes) was 22.3%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.168 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.9: In 2022, the state with the largest percentage of civilians living in the community with disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments) was South Carolina/SC, with 22.2%. In the United States, there was a total of 1,872,000 civilians with disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments), representing 8.8% of the civilians with disabilities living in the community. However, the percentage of civilians living in the community without disabilities in a mobile home (not houses or apartments) was 4.7%, which corresponds to a relative ratio of 1.893 when comparing civilians with disabilites to those without. Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.1 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen - Dis. In a Home Environment that Lacks a Complete Kitchen - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 223,000 12,000 1.0 0.1 894,000 35,000 0.5 0.0 2.048
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 6,000 2,000 1.3 0.5 10,000 3,000 0.4 0.1 3.223
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 4,000 3,000 8.0 5.4 8,000 3,000 2.2 0.8 3.580
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 5,000 2,000 1.1 0.5 22,000 4,000 0.6 0.1 1.998
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 6,000 3,000 2.1 1.0 10,000 4,000 0.7 0.3 2.960
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 32,000 5,000 1.6 0.2 160,000 15,000 0.7 0.1 2.140
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.6 12,000 4,000 0.4 0.1 2.415
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 2,000 1,200 1.0 0.7 7,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 2.692
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 900 1,170 1.5 2.2 3,000 2,200 0.5 0.4 3.018
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 400 440 1.0 1.3 600 620 0.2 0.2 6.135
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 12,000 3,000 0.9 0.2 58,000 9,000 0.5 0.1 1.798
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 5,000 2,000 0.6 0.3 21,000 5,000 0.4 0.1 1.764
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 2,000 1,600 2.0 1.7 9,000 3,000 1.3 0.5 1.540
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 900 1,100 0.6 0.6 5,000 2,000 0.5 0.2 1.282
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 7,000 3,000 1.0 0.4 33,000 9,000 0.5 0.1 2.038
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 3,000 2,000 0.7 0.3 15,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 1.571
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 1,000 1,000 0.5 0.7 7,000 3,000 0.4 0.3 1.244
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 3,000 2,800 1.4 1.6 8,000 3,000 0.5 0.3 2.726
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 4,000 2,000 0.9 0.5 12,000 5,000 0.6 0.2 1.679
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 5,000 2,000 1.2 0.5 11,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 2.443
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 600 400 0.6 0.4 5,000 3,000 0.7 0.4 0.849
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 2,000 1,000 0.6 0.4 12,000 5,000 0.4 0.1 1.669
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 6,000 2,000 1.4 0.4 22,000 5,000 0.6 0.1 2.315
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 6,000 2,000 0.8 0.3 22,000 6,000 0.4 0.1 1.853
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 2,000 2,000 0.7 0.7 11,000 5,000 0.3 0.2 1.989
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.6 6,000 2,000 0.4 0.2 2.053
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 0.9 0.4 15,000 5,000 0.5 0.2 1.908
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 1,000 1,000 1.6 1.7 4,000 2,000 0.8 0.4 2.168
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 800 1,200 0.7 0.9 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 2.173
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 3,000 2,000 1.2 0.7 8,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 2.369
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 500 540 0.6 0.8 3,000 2,000 0.5 0.3 1.292
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 4,000 3,000 1.0 0.5 28,000 6,000 0.5 0.2 1.775
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 800 500 0.5 0.3 6,000 2,000 0.6 0.2 0.794
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 14,000 3,000 1.3 0.3 58,000 10,000 0.6 0.1 2.277
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 5,000 2,000 0.8 0.3 19,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 2.156
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 500 570 1.1 1.6 900 1,100 0.2 0.2 5.015
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 9,000 3,000 1.0 0.4 42,000 8,000 0.7 0.1 1.505
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.3 0.5 10,000 3,000 0.5 0.2 2.572
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.7 11,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 1.907
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 8,000 3,000 0.9 0.3 27,000 6,000 0.4 0.1 2.240
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 900 1,100 1.3 1.6 2,000 2,000 0.4 0.4 3.405
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 2,000 2,000 0.6 0.4 9,000 3,000 0.3 0.2 1.714
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 700 1,300 1.3 2.0 4,000 3,000 0.9 0.8 1.384
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 7,000 3,000 1.3 0.5 16,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 2.889
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 19,000 4,000 1.0 0.2 73,000 11,000 0.5 0.1 2.193
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 700 500 0.3 0.4 4,000 2,000 0.2 0.1 1.773
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 40 90 0.1 0.2 2,000 1,800 0.5 0.6 0.164
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 5,000 2,000 0.9 0.3 18,000 4,000 0.4 0.1 2.142
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 6,000 2,000 1.1 0.4 19,000 5,000 0.5 0.1 2.303
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 900 1,100 0.6 0.4 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.3 1.629
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 3,000 2,000 0.8 0.5 16,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 1.576
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 500 670 1.2 2.0 2,000 1,700 0.5 0.5 2.215
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 7,000 3,000 2.2 0.9 13,000 4,000 0.8 0.3 2.697
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen over the percentage of people without disability in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks a complete kitchen percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.1). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.2 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing - Dis. In a Home Environment that Lacks Complete Plumbing - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 143,000 11,000 0.7 0.1 571,000 31,000 0.3 0.0 2.056
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 4,000 2,000 0.8 0.5 7,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 2.775
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 4,000 2,000 8.0 4.8 13,000 4,000 3.5 1.3 2.249
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 5,000 2,000 1.0 0.4 24,000 5,000 0.6 0.2 1.635
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 4,000 2,000 1.5 0.7 8,000 4,000 0.5 0.3 2.768
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 15,000 4,000 0.7 0.2 63,000 9,000 0.3 0.0 2.546
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 2,000 1,200 0.6 0.4 10,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 1.821
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 1,000 1,000 0.6 0.7 6,000 3,000 0.3 0.2 2.070
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 600 960 0.9 1.9 2,000 1,920 0.3 0.3 2.926
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 200 410 0.6 1.4 600 730 0.1 0.3 3.726
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 6,000 2,000 0.5 0.2 34,000 6,000 0.3 0.1 1.642
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.2 17,000 6,000 0.3 0.1 1.242
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 2,000 1,500 2.1 1.6 5,000 2,000 0.6 0.4 3.208
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 800 1,200 0.6 0.7 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 1.760
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 5,000 2,000 0.7 0.3 18,000 6,000 0.3 0.1 2.590
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 2,000 2,000 0.4 0.4 13,000 5,000 0.4 0.1 1.188
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 1,000 1,000 0.7 0.6 5,000 2,000 0.3 0.1 2.505
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 2,000 1,500 0.8 0.6 4,000 2,000 0.3 0.1 2.813
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 3,000 1,000 0.7 0.3 9,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 1.654
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 4,000 2,000 1.0 0.5 7,000 4,000 0.3 0.2 3.015
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 100 200 0.1 0.2 4,000 2,000 0.5 0.3 0.252
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 2,000 1,500 0.5 0.3 8,000 4,000 0.2 0.1 2.006
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 3,000 1,000 0.7 0.3 13,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 2.135
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 4,000 2,000 0.6 0.3 15,000 5,000 0.3 0.1 2.184
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 3,000 2,400 0.9 0.7 8,000 5,000 0.3 0.1 3.122
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 2,000 1,500 0.6 0.4 4,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 1.880
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 3,000 2,000 0.6 0.3 11,000 4,000 0.3 0.2 1.633
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 700 1,300 1.0 1.6 2,000 2,000 0.4 0.3 2.570
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 300 340 0.3 0.3 3,000 2,000 0.3 0.2 0.803
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 2,000 1,400 0.7 0.5 6,000 3,000 0.3 0.2 2.089
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 200 400 0.3 0.5 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.3 0.662
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 1,000 1,000 0.3 0.2 12,000 4,000 0.2 0.1 1.243
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 1,000 1,000 0.8 0.5 8,000 2,000 0.8 0.2 1.010
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 8,000 3,000 0.7 0.3 35,000 8,000 0.3 0.1 2.162
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 4,000 2,000 0.6 0.2 13,000 4,000 0.2 0.1 2.338
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 300 500 0.7 1.3 800 1,200 0.2 0.2 3.546
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 4,000 2,000 0.5 0.3 20,000 5,000 0.3 0.1 1.598
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 3,000 2,000 0.7 0.4 8,000 3,000 0.4 0.1 1.857
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 3,000 2,000 0.9 0.5 8,000 3,000 0.3 0.2 2.489
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 5,000 2,000 0.5 0.2 19,000 5,000 0.3 0.1 1.800
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 600 700 0.9 1.3 2,000 2,000 0.4 0.4 2.417
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 3,000 2,200 0.7 0.5 7,000 3,000 0.3 0.1 2.437
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 600 890 1.1 1.8 3,000 3,000 0.7 0.7 1.492
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 3,000 1,000 0.5 0.3 8,000 3,000 0.2 0.1 2.334
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 15,000 3,000 0.8 0.2 58,000 10,000 0.4 0.1 2.238
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 400 420 0.2 0.2 2,000 1,400 0.1 0.1 1.893
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 100 200 0.2 0.4 500 650 0.2 0.2 1.216
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 3,000 2,000 0.5 0.3 14,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 1.549
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 3,000 2,000 0.6 0.4 11,000 4,000 0.3 0.1 2.415
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 2,000 1,500 1.0 0.9 3,000 2,000 0.4 0.3 2.653
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 1,000 1,000 0.3 0.2 14,000 4,000 0.5 0.2 0.740
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 600 660 1.4 1.9 600 690 0.2 0.3 7.189
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing over the percentage of people without disability in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in a home environment that lacks complete plumbing percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.2). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.3 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in an Overcowded Home Environment for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In an Overcowded Home Environment - Dis. In an Overcowded Home Environment - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 927,000 30,000 4.4 0.2 8,832,000 112,000 5.1 0.1 0.862
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 8,000 3,000 1.9 0.6 59,000 12,000 2.4 0.5 0.797
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 3,000 2,200 6.1 4.9 22,000 6,000 6.0 1.8 1.018
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 29,000 6,000 6.5 1.3 206,000 22,000 5.4 0.6 1.188
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 10,000 4,000 3.6 1.4 47,000 9,000 3.2 0.7 1.113
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 200,000 13,000 9.9 0.6 2,492,000 73,000 11.6 0.4 0.857
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 11,000 4,000 3.2 1.1 89,000 11,000 2.7 0.4 1.147
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 7,000 3,000 3.5 1.4 70,000 12,000 3.6 0.6 0.975
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 1,000 2,000 2.4 2.1 21,000 6,000 4.0 1.1 0.589
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 3,000 2,000 7.9 4.4 20,000 6,000 5.2 1.6 1.528
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 47,000 6,000 3.6 0.5 522,000 33,000 4.6 0.3 0.800
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 19,000 3,000 2.6 0.5 188,000 23,000 3.3 0.4 0.812
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 8,000 3,000 11.0 3.7 78,000 11,000 11.0 1.6 0.999
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 5,000 2,000 3.7 1.7 34,000 7,000 3.5 0.7 1.052
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 25,000 5,000 3.5 0.7 284,000 26,000 4.2 0.4 0.846
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 15,000 5,000 3.1 1.0 108,000 13,000 3.1 0.4 0.998
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 6,000 3,000 3.0 1.4 39,000 10,000 2.4 0.6 1.256
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 6,000 3,000 2.9 1.3 41,000 9,000 2.8 0.6 1.049
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 12,000 3,000 2.8 0.8 58,000 8,000 2.7 0.4 1.050
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 10,000 3,000 2.5 0.8 68,000 11,000 3.0 0.5 0.831
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 6,000 3,000 5.9 2.9 19,000 7,000 2.7 1.0 2.217
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 12,000 4,000 3.4 1.1 157,000 18,000 4.8 0.5 0.726
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 15,000 4,000 3.6 1.0 118,000 11,000 3.1 0.3 1.168
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 21,000 5,000 3.0 0.7 143,000 19,000 2.7 0.4 1.086
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 12,000 5,000 3.7 1.4 94,000 14,000 3.1 0.5 1.185
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 7,000 3,000 2.6 1.1 44,000 8,000 3.1 0.6 0.836
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 16,000 4,000 3.4 1.0 89,000 12,000 2.8 0.4 1.210
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 2,000 2,000 3.2 2.3 14,000 4,000 2.5 0.7 1.279
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 4,000 2,000 3.6 2.0 28,000 6,000 2.8 0.6 1.303
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 13,000 4,000 5.9 1.7 88,000 11,000 5.2 0.7 1.125
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 4,000 2,000 4.6 2.9 13,000 4,000 1.7 0.5 2.749
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 25,000 6,000 5.5 1.2 291,000 23,000 5.7 0.5 0.968
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 6,000 3,000 3.4 1.5 40,000 9,000 3.9 1.0 0.879
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 80,000 10,000 7.1 0.9 898,000 40,000 8.5 0.4 0.833
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 21,000 5,000 3.0 0.7 173,000 15,000 3.1 0.3 0.961
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 500 500 1.1 1.2 7,000 4,000 1.8 1.1 0.583
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 20,000 5,000 2.4 0.6 152,000 15,000 2.5 0.3 0.961
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 11,000 3,000 2.9 0.9 71,000 10,000 3.7 0.5 0.804
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 13,000 3,000 4.2 1.1 96,000 16,000 4.3 0.8 0.958
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 26,000 7,000 2.9 0.7 177,000 18,000 2.7 0.3 1.062
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 2,000 1,000 3.2 1.8 23,000 6,000 4.0 1.0 0.813
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 9,000 3,000 2.3 0.9 59,000 9,000 2.2 0.4 1.058
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 2,000 2,000 4.2 2.7 15,000 5,000 3.3 1.1 1.251
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 19,000 5,000 3.7 0.9 110,000 15,000 3.0 0.4 1.226
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 93,000 10,000 5.0 0.5 956,000 38,000 5.9 0.3 0.837
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 6,000 2,000 3.1 1.0 64,000 10,000 3.6 0.5 0.864
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 1,000 2,000 2.9 3.0 6,000 3,000 1.8 0.7 1.659
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 17,000 4,000 3.1 0.7 155,000 17,000 3.4 0.4 0.908
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 24,000 5,000 4.7 0.9 198,000 20,000 4.8 0.5 0.987
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 4,000 2,000 2.4 1.4 18,000 6,000 2.1 0.8 1.100
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 7,000 3,000 2.1 0.8 64,000 11,000 2.1 0.3 1.017
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 600 530 1.6 1.6 7,000 3,000 2.3 1.1 0.667
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 3,000 1,000 0.8 0.4 24,000 7,000 1.5 0.5 0.536
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in an overcrowded home environment over the percentage of people without disability in an overcrowded home environment. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in overcrowded home environment percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.3). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.4 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing Housing Cost Burden for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. Experiencing Housing Cost Burden - Dis. Experiencing Housing Cost Burden - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 5,979,000 69,000 29.3 0.3 32,423,000 176,000 19.0 0.1 1.545
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 101,000 9,000 24.5 2.0 346,000 17,000 14.4 0.7 1.700
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 13,000 4,000 25.6 7.3 60,000 8,000 16.8 2.0 1.519
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 116,000 9,000 26.9 1.8 696,000 25,000 18.8 0.7 1.434
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 67,000 8,000 25.6 2.6 199,000 14,000 14.1 1.0 1.817
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 717,000 23,000 36.6 0.9 5,628,000 59,000 26.6 0.3 1.374
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 101,000 10,000 30.4 2.3 628,000 23,000 19.6 0.8 1.548
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 66,000 9,000 35.2 2.9 356,000 19,000 18.8 1.0 1.876
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 13,000 4,000 22.4 5.5 68,000 9,000 13.5 1.7 1.656
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 14,000 4,000 39.7 7.9 89,000 8,000 23.8 1.9 1.669
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 371,000 18,000 29.6 1.1 2,630,000 44,000 23.5 0.4 1.261
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 195,000 13,000 28.2 1.7 1,011,000 29,000 17.8 0.5 1.581
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 23,000 5,000 32.7 5.3 161,000 14,000 23.6 1.9 1.389
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 35,000 5,000 26.6 3.6 144,000 11,000 15.2 1.2 1.747
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 207,000 14,000 30.1 1.8 1,106,000 32,000 16.7 0.5 1.808
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 122,000 9,000 26.4 1.5 452,000 21,000 13.2 0.6 1.996
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 48,000 7,000 26.7 3.2 216,000 15,000 13.4 0.9 1.993
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 49,000 7,000 26.5 3.3 225,000 13,000 15.6 0.9 1.701
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 99,000 10,000 24.5 1.9 302,000 19,000 14.3 0.9 1.711
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 102,000 10,000 28.2 2.0 402,000 21,000 18.5 1.0 1.519
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 25,000 4,000 24.2 3.5 96,000 10,000 14.2 1.4 1.709
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 88,000 8,000 26.8 2.1 569,000 20,000 17.5 0.6 1.531
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 144,000 11,000 36.5 2.3 761,000 24,000 20.4 0.7 1.786
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 171,000 14,000 25.3 1.7 753,000 29,000 14.8 0.6 1.707
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 81,000 9,000 26.6 2.7 425,000 22,000 14.2 0.7 1.879
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 66,000 8,000 25.6 2.5 194,000 13,000 14.6 0.9 1.756
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 119,000 10,000 26.9 2.2 413,000 20,000 13.6 0.6 1.983
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 19,000 5,000 25.9 5.1 89,000 9,000 16.5 1.6 1.570
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 31,000 5,000 28.1 4.0 149,000 11,000 15.1 1.2 1.861
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 70,000 7,000 31.4 2.7 373,000 19,000 22.6 1.2 1.388
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 26,000 4,000 31.2 4.3 104,000 10,000 13.9 1.4 2.240
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 135,000 10,000 30.7 1.9 1,019,000 25,000 20.3 0.5 1.509
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 48,000 8,000 28.6 4.1 173,000 13,000 17.3 1.2 1.647
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 416,000 20,000 38.5 1.4 2,454,000 44,000 23.8 0.5 1.613
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 158,000 11,000 23.7 1.3 876,000 28,000 16.2 0.5 1.459
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 13,000 4,000 29.2 6.3 49,000 7,000 12.7 1.7 2.293
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 227,000 15,000 28.7 1.7 803,000 21,000 13.7 0.4 2.101
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 93,000 9,000 27.0 2.0 311,000 18,000 16.6 0.9 1.627
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 103,000 8,000 33.7 2.1 439,000 19,000 20.3 0.9 1.659
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 240,000 16,000 27.9 1.5 947,000 32,000 14.7 0.5 1.902
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 20,000 4,000 30.4 4.9 93,000 9,000 16.4 1.6 1.853
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 86,000 9,000 24.2 2.2 399,000 20,000 15.5 0.8 1.561
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 12,000 4,000 22.7 6.0 49,000 7,000 11.4 1.6 1.985
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 124,000 11,000 25.3 1.9 586,000 22,000 16.5 0.6 1.529
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 513,000 19,000 28.3 0.8 3,183,000 54,000 20.2 0.4 1.401
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 42,000 7,000 22.7 3.2 271,000 17,000 15.2 1.0 1.500
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 15,000 4,000 31.3 6.7 48,000 6,000 15.1 1.8 2.078
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 143,000 8,000 27.9 1.5 751,000 27,000 16.9 0.6 1.648
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 158,000 10,000 31.3 1.8 769,000 30,000 18.8 0.7 1.665
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 33,000 5,000 21.7 2.5 102,000 10,000 12.7 1.2 1.716
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 93,000 11,000 27.4 2.7 418,000 20,000 13.7 0.7 1.997
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 9,000 3,000 23.9 6.2 38,000 5,000 13.7 1.8 1.740
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 59,000 6,000 20.7 1.8 238,000 14,000 17.2 1.0 1.206
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability experiencing housing cost burden over the percentage of people without disability experiencing housing cost burden. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in housing cost burden percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.4). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.5 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment - Dis. Experiencing a Poor Housing Environment - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 406,000 18,000 2.0 0.1 2,969,000 71,000 1.7 0.1 1.146
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 6,000 3,000 1.4 0.5 18,000 5,000 0.7 0.2 1.843
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 4,000 3,000 9.0 5.8 11,000 3,000 3.0 0.9 3.007
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 11,000 3,000 2.6 0.7 61,000 9,000 1.6 0.3 1.589
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 7,000 3,000 2.5 1.2 17,000 5,000 1.2 0.4 2.085
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 91,000 8,000 4.6 0.5 914,000 38,000 4.3 0.2 1.074
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 4,000 2,000 1.2 0.5 35,000 7,000 1.1 0.2 1.055
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 3,000 2,000 1.6 0.9 25,000 7,000 1.3 0.4 1.253
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 900 1,100 1.6 1.8 7,000 4,000 1.5 0.9 1.070
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 500 510 1.4 1.7 6,000 4,000 1.7 1.0 0.826
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 21,000 4,000 1.6 0.3 200,000 19,000 1.8 0.2 0.923
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 6,000 2,000 0.9 0.3 54,000 10,000 1.0 0.2 0.954
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 2,000 2,000 3.3 2.6 23,000 7,000 3.3 1.0 1.003
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 2,000 1,500 1.1 0.9 8,000 3,000 0.9 0.3 1.316
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 12,000 3,000 1.7 0.5 68,000 11,000 1.0 0.2 1.685
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 6,000 4,000 1.4 0.8 30,000 7,000 0.9 0.2 1.619
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 3,000 3,000 1.8 1.6 12,000 5,000 0.7 0.4 2.483
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 2,000 2,000 1.3 1.0 11,000 4,000 0.7 0.3 1.783
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 5,000 3,000 1.3 0.6 19,000 5,000 0.9 0.2 1.507
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 6,000 3,000 1.6 0.8 24,000 6,000 1.1 0.3 1.437
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 2,000 2,000 2.3 1.9 7,000 4,000 1.0 0.5 2.288
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 1.4 0.6 53,000 9,000 1.6 0.3 0.834
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 8,000 3,000 2.1 0.7 42,000 9,000 1.1 0.3 1.863
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 6,000 2,000 0.9 0.4 41,000 9,000 0.8 0.2 1.109
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 6,000 4,000 1.9 1.2 29,000 8,000 1.0 0.2 1.913
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 3,000 2,000 1.0 0.6 11,000 5,000 0.8 0.4 1.264
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.2 0.5 28,000 6,000 0.9 0.2 1.357
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 1,000 1,020 1.6 1.9 2,000 1,500 0.3 0.3 4.475
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 2,000 1,500 1.7 1.4 9,000 4,000 0.9 0.3 1.867
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 7,000 3,000 2.9 1.3 29,000 7,000 1.8 0.4 1.640
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 400 400 0.5 0.5 5,000 3,000 0.6 0.4 0.758
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 11,000 3,000 2.5 0.7 107,000 12,000 2.1 0.3 1.144
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 2,000 1,500 1.2 1.0 12,000 4,000 1.2 0.3 0.999
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 44,000 8,000 4.0 0.7 321,000 26,000 3.1 0.3 1.293
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 8,000 3,000 1.2 0.5 49,000 7,000 0.9 0.1 1.372
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 500 540 1.2 1.5 1,000 1,000 0.3 0.3 3.543
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 9,000 3,000 1.2 0.4 57,000 10,000 1.0 0.2 1.227
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 4,000 2,000 1.1 0.3 19,000 4,000 1.0 0.2 1.030
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 5,000 2,000 1.6 0.8 30,000 6,000 1.4 0.3 1.178
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 13,000 4,000 1.6 0.4 55,000 11,000 0.8 0.2 1.827
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 900 1,100 1.3 1.6 7,000 4,000 1.2 0.8 1.114
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 2,000 2,000 0.7 0.4 15,000 5,000 0.6 0.2 1.161
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 2,000 1,600 3.4 2.9 5,000 3,000 1.2 0.8 2.854
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 7,000 3,000 1.5 0.5 29,000 6,000 0.8 0.2 1.791
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 37,000 6,000 2.1 0.3 309,000 24,000 2.0 0.2 1.051
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 1,000 1,000 0.8 0.5 14,000 6,000 0.8 0.3 0.956
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 80 120 0.2 0.3 2,000 1,600 0.6 0.6 0.262
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 5,000 2,000 1.0 0.4 50,000 10,000 1.1 0.3 0.913
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 9,000 3,000 1.8 0.6 61,000 11,000 1.5 0.3 1.214
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 2,000 1,500 1.1 0.9 7,000 4,000 0.8 0.5 1.344
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 4,000 2,000 1.2 0.6 21,000 5,000 0.7 0.2 1.719
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 400 600 1.1 2.0 2,000 1,100 0.8 0.4 1.479
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability experiencing a poor housing environment over the percentage of people without disability experiencing a poor housing environment. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in poor housing environment percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.5). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.6 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Housing Built in 1990 or Later for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In Housing Built in 1990 or Later - Dis. In Housing Built in 1990 or Later - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 7,384,000 69,000 34.7 0.3 71,786,000 232,000 41.1 0.1 0.846
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 191,000 16,000 43.4 2.6 1,266,000 27,000 50.8 1.1 0.854
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 21,000 5,000 40.9 7.1 149,000 14,000 40.8 3.5 1.003
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 216,000 12,000 48.1 2.0 2,193,000 31,000 57.8 0.8 0.832
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 116,000 9,000 41.5 2.6 783,000 22,000 53.5 1.4 0.775
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 565,000 20,000 28.0 0.8 6,648,000 62,000 30.8 0.3 0.907
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 146,000 10,000 42.8 2.4 1,606,000 31,000 49.5 1.0 0.864
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 34,000 6,000 17.6 2.6 420,000 20,000 21.7 1.0 0.810
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 29,000 5,000 45.9 5.8 252,000 13,000 49.0 2.4 0.936
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 11,000 3,000 28.5 6.7 100,000 9,000 25.8 2.2 1.101
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 579,000 21,000 44.6 1.2 5,837,000 64,000 51.0 0.6 0.875
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 359,000 17,000 49.7 1.7 3,399,000 39,000 58.6 0.7 0.848
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 24,000 5,000 32.4 5.2 267,000 17,000 37.7 2.1 0.859
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 62,000 7,000 44.8 3.5 557,000 17,000 57.8 1.7 0.775
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 167,000 11,000 23.4 1.3 2,003,000 44,000 29.6 0.7 0.791
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 139,000 10,000 28.9 1.8 1,427,000 29,000 40.8 0.8 0.709
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 48,000 7,000 25.6 2.7 567,000 20,000 34.6 1.2 0.738
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 51,000 7,000 26.8 3.3 545,000 23,000 37.0 1.5 0.724
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 179,000 10,000 41.3 2.0 1,037,000 23,000 47.5 1.0 0.868
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 143,000 11,000 36.7 2.2 1,040,000 26,000 46.2 1.1 0.796
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 31,000 4,000 28.9 3.7 262,000 15,000 37.8 2.0 0.766
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 105,000 9,000 30.9 2.3 1,268,000 31,000 38.3 0.9 0.808
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 71,000 8,000 17.4 1.6 883,000 32,000 23.3 0.9 0.744
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 172,000 10,000 24.4 1.4 1,687,000 37,000 32.5 0.7 0.750
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 100,000 10,000 31.8 2.5 1,199,000 26,000 39.5 0.9 0.804
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 118,000 9,000 43.2 2.4 726,000 20,000 52.1 1.3 0.829
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 146,000 9,000 31.6 1.6 1,262,000 27,000 40.6 0.8 0.778
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 26,000 5,000 33.6 4.7 249,000 12,000 44.6 2.1 0.755
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 35,000 6,000 30.7 4.5 372,000 16,000 37.0 1.5 0.831
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 127,000 10,000 55.4 3.0 1,114,000 22,000 66.4 1.3 0.834
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 23,000 6,000 27.7 5.6 249,000 14,000 33.1 1.8 0.837
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 97,000 8,000 21.2 1.5 1,341,000 35,000 26.4 0.7 0.801
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 66,000 8,000 37.4 3.5 480,000 17,000 46.7 1.7 0.800
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 188,000 12,000 16.7 1.1 2,007,000 45,000 19.1 0.4 0.876
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 351,000 16,000 50.0 1.6 3,296,000 41,000 59.5 0.8 0.840
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 20,000 4,000 41.9 6.2 190,000 13,000 48.2 2.9 0.869
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 189,000 12,000 22.9 1.3 1,877,000 40,000 31.3 0.6 0.733
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 126,000 9,000 35.1 2.2 833,000 26,000 43.0 1.3 0.815
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 118,000 10,000 37.3 2.6 956,000 26,000 43.4 1.1 0.859
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 170,000 14,000 19.0 1.3 1,737,000 40,000 26.4 0.6 0.719
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 11,000 3,000 16.1 3.9 110,000 11,000 18.9 1.8 0.852
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 193,000 11,000 51.7 2.4 1,554,000 33,000 58.7 1.2 0.882
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 21,000 6,000 39.0 7.1 211,000 10,000 47.5 2.3 0.820
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 213,000 12,000 41.0 1.7 1,884,000 33,000 51.6 0.9 0.795
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 906,000 26,000 48.4 0.9 9,247,000 71,000 57.5 0.5 0.842
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 92,000 10,000 48.0 3.6 1,017,000 22,000 56.3 1.2 0.853
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 13,000 4,000 27.1 6.0 108,000 10,000 33.3 2.9 0.813
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 206,000 13,000 38.7 1.9 2,068,000 36,000 45.7 0.8 0.846
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 208,000 13,000 40.1 2.1 1,942,000 36,000 46.7 0.9 0.859
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 56,000 7,000 33.7 3.1 343,000 15,000 40.9 1.8 0.823
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 95,000 9,000 27.2 2.2 1,104,000 30,000 35.6 1.0 0.763
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 14,000 3,000 33.4 5.4 116,000 9,000 40.1 2.8 0.834
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 119,000 9,000 35.1 2.3 640,000 21,000 40.3 1.2 0.871
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in housing built in 1990 or later over the percentage of people without disability in housing built in 1990 or later. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in housing built in 1990 or later percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.6). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.7 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Houses for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In Houses - Dis. In Houses - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 13,848,000 100,000 65.1 0.3 127,623,000 201,000 73.0 0.1 0.892
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 295,000 14,000 67.2 1.9 1,876,000 31,000 75.3 1.1 0.891
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 33,000 5,000 65.6 7.0 274,000 13,000 74.7 3.3 0.878
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 299,000 16,000 66.5 2.2 2,851,000 33,000 75.1 0.8 0.885
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 182,000 10,000 64.8 2.7 1,112,000 21,000 76.1 1.3 0.853
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 1,319,000 34,000 65.2 0.8 15,041,000 74,000 69.8 0.4 0.935
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 217,000 13,000 63.6 2.4 2,423,000 30,000 74.7 0.8 0.851
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 113,000 10,000 57.4 2.8 1,389,000 23,000 71.8 1.1 0.799
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 42,000 6,000 67.9 6.7 416,000 12,000 81.0 2.0 0.838
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 12,000 3,000 32.3 6.4 145,000 9,000 37.6 2.4 0.858
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 856,000 25,000 66.0 1.2 7,947,000 63,000 69.4 0.5 0.950
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 507,000 21,000 70.2 1.5 4,404,000 38,000 76.0 0.7 0.924
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 51,000 6,000 67.7 4.4 522,000 13,000 73.8 1.6 0.917
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 98,000 9,000 71.6 3.6 776,000 16,000 80.6 1.4 0.889
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 453,000 20,000 63.5 1.8 4,818,000 40,000 71.1 0.5 0.893
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 347,000 15,000 72.3 1.5 2,883,000 28,000 82.5 0.7 0.877
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 134,000 9,000 71.7 3.3 1,367,000 18,000 83.5 1.0 0.858
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 143,000 10,000 74.6 2.7 1,215,000 19,000 82.5 1.0 0.905
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 276,000 10,000 63.7 2.0 1,655,000 24,000 75.8 1.0 0.840
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 253,000 15,000 65.1 2.6 1,643,000 28,000 72.9 1.1 0.893
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 61,000 7,000 57.3 4.4 523,000 16,000 75.3 2.0 0.762
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 252,000 12,000 74.3 1.8 2,625,000 24,000 79.2 0.8 0.938
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 194,000 11,000 47.7 2.1 2,346,000 31,000 62.0 0.7 0.769
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 519,000 20,000 73.6 1.5 4,248,000 37,000 81.9 0.6 0.900
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 197,000 13,000 62.7 2.9 2,429,000 27,000 80.0 0.7 0.784
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 181,000 12,000 66.3 2.6 1,034,000 20,000 74.3 1.3 0.893
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 321,000 13,000 69.4 2.0 2,491,000 26,000 80.1 0.7 0.866
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 49,000 6,000 64.1 4.7 430,000 11,000 76.9 1.7 0.834
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 82,000 7,000 71.9 4.5 821,000 16,000 81.7 1.1 0.880
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 146,000 10,000 63.9 2.5 1,231,000 21,000 73.4 1.1 0.871
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 49,000 7,000 58.0 5.2 565,000 14,000 75.1 1.7 0.773
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 284,000 13,000 62.2 1.6 3,455,000 33,000 68.1 0.7 0.913
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 117,000 9,000 66.2 3.2 760,000 19,000 74.0 1.6 0.895
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 486,000 16,000 43.3 1.4 5,418,000 44,000 51.5 0.4 0.840
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 460,000 17,000 65.6 1.5 4,101,000 39,000 74.0 0.6 0.886
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 25,000 5,000 53.4 6.8 279,000 9,000 70.7 2.1 0.755
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 567,000 18,000 68.6 1.4 4,840,000 35,000 80.7 0.5 0.850
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 261,000 14,000 72.4 2.2 1,530,000 22,000 79.0 1.0 0.917
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 194,000 13,000 61.2 2.5 1,616,000 23,000 73.3 1.0 0.835
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 647,000 25,000 72.3 1.7 5,405,000 41,000 82.1 0.5 0.881
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 33,000 5,000 48.6 5.3 390,000 11,000 67.4 1.8 0.721
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 238,000 11,000 63.8 2.3 1,934,000 24,000 73.0 0.8 0.874
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 34,000 5,000 62.4 6.4 355,000 10,000 79.8 1.9 0.781
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 353,000 13,000 67.9 1.9 2,812,000 30,000 77.0 0.7 0.881
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 1,261,000 30,000 67.3 1.1 11,741,000 71,000 73.0 0.4 0.922
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 129,000 10,000 67.2 3.2 1,451,000 23,000 80.3 1.1 0.837
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 29,000 5,000 58.3 6.3 248,000 11,000 76.8 3.1 0.759
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 373,000 16,000 69.9 1.7 3,517,000 30,000 77.8 0.6 0.899
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 315,000 15,000 60.9 1.8 3,037,000 32,000 73.1 0.8 0.834
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 108,000 8,000 65.0 3.2 653,000 16,000 77.9 1.6 0.835
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 226,000 13,000 64.9 2.5 2,362,000 30,000 76.2 0.9 0.852
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 27,000 4,000 66.2 5.4 220,000 8,000 75.9 2.1 0.872
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 277,000 14,000 81.8 2.0 1,334,000 18,000 84.0 0.9 0.973
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in houses over the percentage of people without disability in houses. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in house percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.7). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.8 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Apartments for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In Apartments - Dis. In Apartments - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 5,536,000 67,000 26.0 0.3 38,973,000 157,000 22.3 0.1 1.168
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 63,000 7,000 14.3 1.6 314,000 19,000 12.6 0.8 1.134
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 15,000 4,000 29.9 7.1 80,000 12,000 21.8 3.2 1.373
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 98,000 10,000 21.9 1.9 706,000 24,000 18.6 0.6 1.176
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 55,000 8,000 19.8 2.4 199,000 13,000 13.6 0.9 1.454
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 604,000 20,000 29.9 0.8 5,945,000 71,000 27.6 0.3 1.083
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 102,000 10,000 29.8 2.2 699,000 25,000 21.5 0.8 1.382
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 81,000 6,000 41.3 2.7 537,000 22,000 27.8 1.1 1.489
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 11,000 4,000 18.0 5.2 72,000 9,000 14.1 1.7 1.283
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 26,000 5,000 67.7 6.4 240,000 10,000 62.4 2.4 1.086
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 299,000 17,000 23.1 1.1 2,858,000 55,000 25.0 0.5 0.925
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 128,000 10,000 17.7 1.3 983,000 34,000 17.0 0.6 1.046
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 24,000 4,000 31.4 4.5 183,000 12,000 25.9 1.6 1.211
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 25,000 5,000 18.0 3.4 130,000 10,000 13.5 1.1 1.331
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 234,000 16,000 32.8 1.8 1,850,000 35,000 27.3 0.5 1.204
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 101,000 9,000 21.1 1.5 488,000 20,000 14.0 0.6 1.511
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 46,000 8,000 24.4 3.2 224,000 17,000 13.7 1.0 1.779
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 39,000 6,000 20.5 2.7 203,000 13,000 13.8 0.9 1.490
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 83,000 9,000 19.2 1.8 317,000 17,000 14.5 0.8 1.325
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 65,000 9,000 16.8 1.9 335,000 17,000 14.9 0.7 1.129
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 32,000 5,000 30.3 4.0 117,000 11,000 16.8 1.6 1.799
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 80,000 8,000 23.7 1.7 658,000 27,000 19.9 0.8 1.193
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 209,000 13,000 51.4 2.2 1,421,000 25,000 37.6 0.7 1.367
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 130,000 12,000 18.5 1.6 709,000 26,000 13.7 0.5 1.351
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 102,000 11,000 32.6 2.9 540,000 22,000 17.8 0.7 1.835
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 38,000 7,000 13.9 2.2 153,000 14,000 11.0 1.0 1.261
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 98,000 9,000 21.2 1.8 474,000 17,000 15.2 0.6 1.391
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 16,000 4,000 21.3 4.3 77,000 9,000 13.7 1.6 1.555
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 28,000 6,000 24.3 4.4 164,000 11,000 16.3 1.1 1.493
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 64,000 7,000 27.9 2.6 362,000 16,000 21.6 0.9 1.291
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 28,000 5,000 32.9 4.7 163,000 13,000 21.7 1.7 1.518
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 165,000 10,000 36.1 1.8 1,590,000 33,000 31.3 0.7 1.152
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 26,000 6,000 14.9 2.6 112,000 11,000 10.9 1.0 1.373
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 598,000 24,000 53.3 1.4 4,944,000 47,000 47.0 0.4 1.133
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 116,000 9,000 16.5 1.2 866,000 27,000 15.6 0.5 1.054
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 18,000 4,000 37.7 6.1 90,000 9,000 22.7 1.9 1.661
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 211,000 14,000 25.6 1.3 996,000 31,000 16.6 0.5 1.540
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 58,000 7,000 16.0 1.7 244,000 16,000 12.6 0.8 1.272
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 93,000 10,000 29.3 2.6 472,000 21,000 21.4 0.9 1.366
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 199,000 17,000 22.2 1.7 1,012,000 34,000 15.4 0.5 1.446
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 34,000 6,000 50.1 5.4 186,000 11,000 32.1 1.7 1.562
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 52,000 7,000 14.0 1.6 343,000 17,000 12.9 0.7 1.080
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 16,000 5,000 28.6 6.2 65,000 9,000 14.7 1.9 1.942
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 97,000 10,000 18.7 1.6 567,000 20,000 15.5 0.6 1.203
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 442,000 20,000 23.6 1.0 3,355,000 53,000 20.8 0.4 1.132
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 56,000 8,000 29.0 3.1 314,000 19,000 17.4 1.0 1.668
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 15,000 4,000 30.1 7.0 56,000 8,000 17.5 2.3 1.724
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 119,000 8,000 22.3 1.5 845,000 24,000 18.7 0.5 1.190
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 159,000 11,000 30.7 1.7 929,000 30,000 22.4 0.7 1.372
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 23,000 4,000 14.0 2.3 79,000 10,000 9.4 1.3 1.488
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 107,000 11,000 30.8 2.5 672,000 27,000 21.7 0.8 1.420
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 7,000 2,000 17.7 5.2 35,000 6,000 12.2 2.0 1.451
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 61,000 7,000 18.0 2.0 251,000 15,000 15.8 0.9 1.141
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in apartments over the percentage of people without disability in apartments. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in apartment percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.8). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.

Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2022

Table 7.9 Home Environment - Civilians with and without Disabilities Ages 18 to 64 Years Living in the Community in Mobile Homes or Other Building Types for the United States and States: 2022
State Dis. No Dis. In Mobile Homes - Dis. In Mobile Homes - No Dis. Relative Ratio
# ME# # ME# # ME# % ME% # ME# % ME%
U.S. 21,992,000 127,000 177,842,000 132,000 1,872,000 37,000 8.8 0.2 8,126,000 96,000 4.7 0.1 1.893
Alabama 447,000 18,000 2,549,000 18,000 81,000 9,000 18.6 1.7 301,000 17,000 12.1 0.7 1.537
Alaska 52,000 6,000 381,000 7,000 2,000 2,000 4.5 3.1 13,000 4,000 3.5 1.2 1.273
Arizona 463,000 19,000 3,841,000 20,000 52,000 7,000 11.6 1.5 237,000 17,000 6.2 0.5 1.856
Arkansas 285,000 12,000 1,490,000 13,000 43,000 6,000 15.4 1.8 151,000 13,000 10.3 1.0 1.489
California 2,147,000 43,000 21,865,000 43,000 99,000 8,000 4.9 0.4 573,000 26,000 2.7 0.2 1.840
Colorado 355,000 17,000 3,283,000 19,000 23,000 5,000 6.6 1.4 121,000 13,000 3.7 0.4 1.776
Connecticut 214,000 12,000 1,994,000 13,000 3,000 2,000 1.3 0.8 8,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 3.005
Delaware 64,000 6,000 524,000 6,000 9,000 4,000 14.1 5.7 25,000 6,000 5.0 1.1 2.836
District of Columbia 41,000 5,000 411,000 6,000 0 0 0.0 * 0 0 0.0 * *
Florida 1,328,000 30,000 11,605,000 32,000 142,000 9,000 11.0 0.7 645,000 30,000 5.6 0.3 1.944
Georgia 736,000 24,000 5,879,000 25,000 87,000 7,000 12.1 1.0 409,000 20,000 7.1 0.4 1.709
Hawaii 80,000 7,000 716,000 9,000 700 1,300 0.9 1.7 2,000 2,000 0.3 0.3 3.021
Idaho 140,000 10,000 986,000 10,000 14,000 4,000 10.4 2.8 57,000 10,000 5.9 1.1 1.752
Illinois 736,000 24,000 6,869,000 25,000 26,000 4,000 3.7 0.5 110,000 10,000 1.6 0.2 2.254
Indiana 493,000 18,000 3,565,000 19,000 31,000 5,000 6.6 0.9 124,000 11,000 3.5 0.4 1.854
Iowa 196,000 13,000 1,682,000 15,000 7,000 3,000 3.9 1.3 45,000 8,000 2.7 0.6 1.427
Kansas 198,000 11,000 1,504,000 13,000 9,000 3,000 4.8 1.3 55,000 9,000 3.7 0.6 1.301
Kentucky 440,000 13,000 2,220,000 14,000 74,000 7,000 17.1 1.6 211,000 14,000 9.7 0.6 1.766
Louisiana 398,000 18,000 2,284,000 19,000 70,000 8,000 18.1 1.8 275,000 16,000 12.2 0.7 1.482
Maine 110,000 9,000 712,000 8,000 13,000 3,000 12.4 2.9 55,000 8,000 7.9 1.2 1.567
Maryland 350,000 16,000 3,362,000 16,000 7,000 2,000 2.0 0.6 31,000 7,000 0.9 0.2 2.150
Massachusetts 437,000 17,000 3,924,000 17,000 4,000 2,000 0.9 0.5 17,000 4,000 0.4 0.2 2.135
Michigan 726,000 23,000 5,269,000 24,000 56,000 7,000 7.9 1.0 233,000 19,000 4.5 0.4 1.761
Minnesota 337,000 16,000 3,085,000 16,000 14,000 4,000 4.6 1.3 67,000 10,000 2.2 0.3 2.096
Mississippi 278,000 15,000 1,423,000 14,000 54,000 6,000 19.7 2.1 204,000 15,000 14.7 1.0 1.346
Missouri 475,000 16,000 3,169,000 16,000 43,000 7,000 9.4 1.3 144,000 12,000 4.6 0.4 2.031
Montana 80,000 8,000 570,000 8,000 11,000 3,000 14.5 3.7 52,000 8,000 9.4 1.4 1.546
Nebraska 118,000 9,000 1,025,000 11,000 4,000 2,000 3.8 1.8 20,000 5,000 2.0 0.5 1.893
Nevada 230,000 13,000 1,686,000 14,000 19,000 3,000 8.3 1.3 85,000 9,000 5.1 0.5 1.630
New Hampshire 90,000 8,000 768,000 9,000 8,000 3,000 9.0 3.4 24,000 4,000 3.2 0.6 2.813
New Jersey 469,000 17,000 5,138,000 18,000 8,000 3,000 1.7 0.6 26,000 5,000 0.5 0.1 3.244
New Mexico 181,000 12,000 1,040,000 14,000 34,000 6,000 18.9 2.8 156,000 11,000 15.2 1.1 1.247
New York 1,194,000 26,000 10,838,000 27,000 39,000 4,000 3.5 0.4 157,000 12,000 1.5 0.1 2.326
North Carolina 718,000 21,000 5,655,000 22,000 126,000 10,000 18.0 1.3 574,000 27,000 10.4 0.5 1.733
North Dakota 48,000 6,000 410,000 8,000 4,000 2,000 8.9 3.7 26,000 6,000 6.6 1.6 1.351
Ohio 851,000 23,000 6,094,000 25,000 48,000 6,000 5.8 0.7 163,000 13,000 2.7 0.2 2.144
Oklahoma 366,000 15,000 1,974,000 16,000 42,000 5,000 11.5 1.4 162,000 13,000 8.4 0.7 1.376
Oregon 336,000 15,000 2,232,000 16,000 30,000 5,000 9.5 1.5 116,000 12,000 5.3 0.5 1.807
Pennsylvania 932,000 30,000 6,789,000 31,000 49,000 7,000 5.5 0.7 168,000 14,000 2.6 0.2 2.144
Rhode Island 73,000 6,000 604,000 6,000 900 1,100 1.3 1.2 3,000 2,000 0.5 0.4 2.488
South Carolina 382,000 15,000 2,702,000 15,000 83,000 8,000 22.2 2.0 372,000 17,000 14.1 0.7 1.582
South Dakota 57,000 8,000 456,000 9,000 5,000 2,000 9.0 3.8 24,000 5,000 5.4 1.2 1.661
Tennessee 529,000 18,000 3,704,000 18,000 70,000 7,000 13.5 1.2 272,000 15,000 7.4 0.5 1.809
Texas 1,905,000 36,000 16,267,000 37,000 171,000 11,000 9.1 0.6 995,000 37,000 6.2 0.2 1.477
Utah 196,000 13,000 1,833,000 15,000 7,000 3,000 3.8 1.3 41,000 7,000 2.3 0.4 1.656
Vermont 54,000 7,000 338,000 8,000 6,000 2,000 11.6 4.1 19,000 6,000 5.7 1.9 2.021
Virginia 551,000 16,000 4,610,000 17,000 42,000 6,000 7.8 1.1 160,000 13,000 3.5 0.3 2.220
Washington 533,000 19,000 4,211,000 19,000 44,000 6,000 8.4 1.1 190,000 14,000 4.6 0.4 1.843
West Virginia 168,000 10,000 855,000 11,000 35,000 6,000 20.9 3.1 106,000 11,000 12.7 1.3 1.650
Wisconsin 362,000 16,000 3,158,000 17,000 15,000 3,000 4.3 0.9 65,000 9,000 2.1 0.3 2.028
Wyoming 42,000 5,000 295,000 5,000 7,000 2,000 16.1 4.5 34,000 6,000 11.9 2.0 1.357
Puerto Rico 340,000 14,000 1,591,000 14,000 700 500 0.2 0.2 3,000 2,000 0.2 0.1 1.253
Notes: Authors’ calculations using the U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata Sample, (2022), which is subject to sampling variability. Slight differences in percentages may appear due to rounding when compared to populations. The margin of error (ME) is based on a 95% confidence level and is a measure of an estimate’s variability. The larger the margin of error is in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate. The relative ratio is the ratio of the percentage of people with disability in mobile homes over the percentage of people without disability in mobile homes. Therefore, a relative ratio further from 1.000 indicates a greater disparity in mobile home percentage.
*estimate either unavailable or too few sample observations.
Citation: Thomas, N., Paul, S., Bach, S., & Houtenville, A. (2024). Annual Disability Statistics Compendium: 2024 (Table 7.9). Durham, NH: University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability.